1. Nguyên tắc sử dụng câu hỏi đuôi (tag questions)
Ta luôn dùng trợ động từ (auxiliary) để đặt câu hỏi đuôi :
- Simple present: does/ do/ is/ am/ are
- Simple past: did / were/ was
- Present/ past perfect: have/ has/ had
- Modal verbs: will/ would, can/ could, may/ might, shall/ should, must
Ex:
- He loves classical music, doesn’t he?
- That girl can't speak Arabic, can she?
Ta luôn dùng một đại từ chủ ngữ (a subject pronoun) thay cho danh từ: I, you, she, it, they, he, we.
Ex:
- The man is very surprised at his son’s high grades, isn’t he?
- Her daughter went to the party last night, didn't she?
Mệnh đề chính phủ định - câu hỏi đuôi ở khẳng định
Ex:
- You are not at home last night, are you ?
- He hasn't been running in this weather, has he?
Mệnh đề chính khẳng định ⇒ câu hỏi đuôi ở phủ định
Ex: It's warm today, isn't it ?
2. Một số dạng đặc biệt của câu hỏi đuôi – Tag questions
- Câu hỏi đuôi của I am…. aren’t I ?
Ex: I’m rather late, aren’t I ?
- Sau câu mệnh lệnh, won’t you thường được dùng để diễn đạt lời mời, will / would / can / could you? cho yêu cầu.
Ex:
- Do sit down, won’t you? (Mời anh ngồi xuống)
- Give me a hand, will you? (giúp tôi một tay)
Nhưng nếu câu mệnh lệnh ở dạng phủ định thì đuôi sẽ là “will you?”
Ex: Don’t talk in class, will you?
- Sau let’s…. ta dùng shall we?
Ex: Let’s go to the beach, shall we?
-
Khi chủ ngữ là “ everyone/body,someone/body, anyone/body, noone/body, these, those” câu hỏi đuôi phải dùng đại từ “they”.
Ex: Everyone takes a book, don’t they?
- Khi chủ ngữ là “ everything, something, anything, nothing, this, that” câu hỏi đuôi phải dùng đại từ “it”
Ex: Everything is ok, isn’t it ?
- Khi có “there be” ta dùng đuôi với “ be not there”
Ex: There are many newcomers, aren’t there?
- Khi câu trần thuật có các từ mang nghĩa phủ định “never, hardly, little, hardly ever, no, no one, nobody, none, nothing, scarcely= seldom = rarely” câu hỏi đuôi phải khẳng định
Ex: There is nobody in the room, is there?
- Khi giọng đọc xuống câu hỏi đuôi chỉ để xác minh và thường là người nghe đồng ý.
Ex: It’s hot today, isn’t it?
- Khi giọng đọc đưa lên thì để tìm hiểu thông tin.
Ex: You don’t finish your homework, do you?
- S + (not) think/ believe that + S + V + O ta chia động từ với vế sau.
Ex: I don’t think you are right, are you ?
3. Một số bài tập áp dụng
Task 1: Add tag questions to the following.
- Everyone wants to come,………………….?
- Elizabeth is a dentist, ……………….. ?
- That is your umbrella, ………………….?
- There aren’t many people here yet, …………….. ?
- Don’t ride a bicycle without my permission,……………………?
- Peter would like to come with us to the party, ……………………..?
- Those aren’t Fred’s books, ………?
- You have never been to Paris,…………?
- Something is wrong with Jane today, ………… ?
- Everyone can learn how to swim, ……………… ?
- Nobody cheated in the exam, ………………….. ?
- Nothing went wrong while I was gone, ………… ?
- I am invited, ………………….?
- This bridge is not very safe,……………..?
- These sausages are delicious, …………….?
Task 2: Choose the best option to complete the following sentences
1. I am right, _____?
A. am not I
B. don’t I
C. aren’t I
D. am I
2. The picture cost 3,000 USD, __________ ?
A. does it
B. did it
C. doesn’t it
D. didn’t it
3. Let’s go to the seaside, __________ ?
A. do you
B. shall we
C. do we
D. will you
4. Everything was cheap then, __________?
A. wasn’t it
B. weren’t they
C. isn’t it
D. aren’t they
5. You have tea for breakfast, __________ you?
A. haven’t
B. don’t
C. won’t
D have
6. There is no one in the house, __________ ?
A. isn’t there
B. is there
C. is anyone
D. isn’t
7. He seldom goes fishing, __________?
A. doesn’t he
B. is he
C. does he
D. isn’t he
8. He used to sell traditional handicrafts, __________?
A. hasn’t he
B. didn’t he
C. doesn’t he
D. wasn’t he
9. She had to do the shopping for her neighbour, __________ she?
A. didn’t
B. hadn’t
C. does
D. isn’t
10. Linda never goes to school late, __________ she ?
A. does
B. doesn’t
C. will
D. won’t
11. Everyone has equal rights under the law, __________ ?
A. have they
B. haven’t they
C. do they
D. don’t they
12. Paco believes in ghosts, _________ ?
A. didn't he
B. doesn't he
C. won't he
D. hasn’t he
13. He isn't going to like this, ______?
A. didn't he
B. did he
C. won't he
D. is he
14. I’m not allowed to go to the movies, ___?
A. am I
B. am not I
C. aren’t I
D. is you
15. She isn’t watching television, ___?
A. isn’t she
B. is she
C. has she
D. she has
ĐÁP ÁN
Task 1:
- don’t they
- doesn’t she
- isn’t it
- are there
- will you
- wouldn’t
- are they
- have you
- isn’t it
- can’t they
- did they
- did it
- aren’t I
- Is it
- aren’t they
Task 2:
- C
- C
- B
- A
- B
- B
- C
- B
- A
- A
- B
- B
- D
- A
- B
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Người biên soạn:
Giáo viên Nguyễn Thị Nga
Trường THCS - THPT Nguyễn Khuyến
